From MAGGIE

Contents 1 Documentation of East Asia Case Study BY Farhan Ur Rehman 1.1 Comparison of TCP Throughput with the Digital Access Index (DAI) 1.2 Comparison of TCP Throughput with the Technology Access Index (TAI) 1.3 International Bandwidth of South East Asian Countries Graph 1.3.1 (From Mike Jensen10/18/07, International bandwidth by country) 1.4 Comparison of TCP Throughput (kb/sec) with GDP - per capita (PPP) 1.5 Packet Loss of East Asian Countries 1.6 Comparison of Time Vs NThroughput (kb/sec) 1.7 Comparison of MinRtt (ms) and Time 1.8 Comparison of AvgRTT (ms) and Time 1.9 Mean Opinion Score (MOS)

[edit] Documentation of East Asia Case Study BY Farhan Ur Rehman

[edit] Comparison of TCP Throughput with the Digital Access Index (DAI)

"In 2003, the ITU's Market, Economics and Finance Unit launched the Digital Access Index (DAI), a new index, which measures the overall ability of individuals in a country to access and use new ICTs. The DAI is built around four fundamental vectors that impact a country's ability to access ICTs: infrastructure, affordability, knowledge and quality and actual usage of ICTs. The DAI has been calculated for ~180 economies where European countries were among the highest ranked. The DAI allows countries to see how they compare to peers and their relative strengths and weaknesses. The DAI also provides a transparent and globally measurable way of tracking progress towards improving access to ICTs." from http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ict/dai/ . In 2005 the ITU launched the Digital Opportunity Index (DOI) The DoI evaluates the opportunity, infrastructure and utilization of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) for 180 economies worldwide. The Index monitors the mobile communications that promise to bridge the digital divide in many parts of the world, as well as more recent technologies such as broadband and mobile Internet access.

In the graph there is a strong correlation (R2>0.6) between the (TCP throughput) and Digital Access Index (DAI) in the year 2002.Most of the European countries lie above 1500 Kb/sec throughput and greater than 0.6 DAI. With the exceptions being Malta, and Ukraine having throughput less than 1000 Kb/sec. Balkans is catching up with Europe with the exception being Albania which is way down. Middle East and Russia are right in the middle. Two Middle Eastern countries Israel and Cyprus lie in the top cluster with Europe. The other exception in the Middle East is Iran which is way down. Most of the East Asian countries lie in the same region of the scatter plot with the exception of Japan having throughput greater than 2500 Kb/sec and DAI greater than 0.7. South East Asia can be divided into three categories with Japan and Taiwan are in the top, Singapore, Malaysia, Brunei and Korea in the middle and Vietnam, China and Indonesia at the bottom with throughput less than 1000 Kb/sec

[edit] Comparison of TCP Throughput with the Technology Access Index (TAI)

In 2001 the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) introduced the Technology Achievement Index (TAI) with 72 countries to reflect a country's capacity to participate in the technological innovations of the network age. The TAI aims to capture how well a country is creating and diffusing technology and building a human skill base. It includes the following dimensions: Creation of technology (e.g. patents, royalty receipts); diffusion of recent innovations (Internet hosts/capita, high & medium tech exports as share of all exports); Diffusion of old innovations (log phones/capita, log of electric consumption/capita); Human skills (mean years of schooling, gross enrollment in tertiary level in science, math & engineering). the Figure below shows December 2003's derived throughput measured from the U.S. vs. the TAI. The correlation is seen to be positive and medium to good.

In the above graph there is a strong correlation (R2>0.6) between (TCP throughput) and Technology Access Index (TAI).Most of the European countries lie above 1500 Kb/sec throughput and TAI greater than 0.5. Italy is the exception having throughput less than 1600 Kb/sec and TAI less than 0.5. Balkans lies below 1500 Kb/sec throughput and TAI less than 0.5.
Middle East countries are right in the middle. One Middle East country Israel lies in the top cluster with Europe. The other exception in the Middle East is Egypt which is way down. African countries rest in the bottom of the graph with TCP Throughput less than 1000 Kb/sec and TAI less than 0.4 Latin Americans lies in the lower part of the graph with TAI less than 0.4.
Most of the East Asian countries rest in the same region of the scatter plot with the exception of Japan having throughput greater than 2500 Kb/sec and TAI equal to 0.7. South East Asia can be divided into three categories with Japan in the top, Singapore and Korea in the middle and Malaysia, China and Indonesia at the bottom with throughput less than 1000 Kb/sec and TAI less than 0.4.

[edit] International Bandwidth of South East Asian Countries Graph

[edit] (From Mike Jensen10/18/07, International bandwidth by country)

The above graph shows that Japan has the highest bandwidth in East Asian Countries. Japans Bandwidth is increasing with the passage of time. The highest bandwidth of Japan is around 140,000.china has better bandwidth than other countries. Its maximum range is around 110,000. Korea and Singapore rest in the middle of the graph. Their range lies around 50,000.Countries like Indonesia and Malaysia have very low bandwidth.

[edit] Comparison of TCP Throughput (kb/sec) with GDP - per capita (PPP)

https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2004rank.html
GDP - per capita (PPP) means gross domestic product (GDP) at purchasing power parity (PPP) per capita, the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year divided by the average population for the same year. The "CIA" includes data from The World Factbook, provided by the Central Intelligence Agency, as of January 24, 2008. Figures are mostly estimates for 2007.

In the graph there is a strong correlation (R2>0.6) between the TCP throughput and PPP. Most of the East Asian countries lie in the same region of the scatter plot with the exception of Japan having TCP throughput greater than 2000 kb/sec and PPP more than 30,000.Korea and Singapore lies in the middle of the graph with TCP throughput around 1500 kb/sec and PPP around 25,000.Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam and china rest in the bottom of the graph with very low TCP throughput and PPP. African countries rest in the bottom of the graph with TCP Throughput less than 1000 Kb/sec and PPP less than 10,000. Most of the European countries rest above 1500 Kb/sec throughput and PPP greater than 30,000 Ukraine is the exception with throughput less than 1000 Kb/sec Latin American countries lie in the lower part of the graph with PPP less than 15,000

[edit] Packet Loss of East Asian Countries

The above graph shows the comparison between packet loss and time of East Asian Countries. Japan has reduced its packet loss with the passage of time. Its packet loss is minimum. Korea also has very less packet loss and its network is better. Malaysia has very high packet loss around (16 %) in year 2000 and 2001.china has strange behavior for the packet loss. Singapore has improved and its packet loss is reducing with every coming year.

[edit] Comparison of Time Vs NThroughput (kb/sec)

This graph shows the comparison of NThroughput and time of East Asian Countries. Japan has increased its NThroughput with the passage of time and Its NThroughput is highest. Korea is in the middle of the graph and its NThroughput lies in the region of 50,000 kb/sec. Singapore is also improving and its NThroughput is highest in the year 2005. Malaysia, China, Thailand and Indonesia are in the bottom of the graph and their NThroughput lies below 20,000 kb/sec.

[edit] Comparison of MinRtt (ms) and Time

This graph shows the comparison of minRTT (ms) and Time of East Asian Countries. Japan lies in the bottom of the graph with low minRTT (ms).Japan have constant minRTT (ms) throughout the years which shows the stability of its network. China has very high minRTT (ms) in 1998 but after that it improved and reduced its minRTT (ms).china has more minRTT (ms) than Japan and Korea. Korea lies in the bottom of the graph with Japan. Indonesia shows very extreme minRTT (ms) in 2002.indonesia has high minRTT (ms) than other countries. Malaysia and Singapore lies with china and they don’t have good minRTT (ms).

[edit] Comparison of AvgRTT (ms) and Time

This graph shows the comparison of AvgRTT (ms) and Time of East Asian Countries. Japan lies in the bottom of the graph with low minRTT (ms).Japan have constant minRTT (ms) throughout the years which shows the stability of its network. . China has very high minRTT (ms) in 1998, 1999 and 2000 but after that it improved and reduced its minRTT (ms).china has more minRTT (ms) than other countries. Singapore, Malaysia and Indonesia lies in the middle of the graph. Indonesia has sky-scraping AvgRTT (ms) in 2002.Korea lies in the bottom of the graph with Japan and has higher AvgRTT (ms).

[edit] Mean Opinion Score (MOS)

The above graph is Mean Opinion Score (MOS) of South East Asian Countries. The telecommunications industry uses the Mean Opinion Score (MOS) as a voice quality metric. The values of the MOS are: 1= bad; 2=poor; 3=fair; 4=good; 5=excellent. A typical range for Voice over IP is 3.5 to 4.2 (see VoIPtroubleshooter.com). In reality, even a perfect connection is impacted by the compression algorithms of the codec, so the highest score most codecs can achieve is in the 4.2 to 4.4 range. There are three factors that significantly impact calls quality: latency, packet loss, and jitter. We calculate the jitter using the Inter Packet Delay Variability (IPDV), see the http://www.slac.stanford.edu/comp/net/wan-mon/tutorial.html#mos Tutorial

It can be seen in the graph (circled) that China improved dramatically after the end of 2002. Much of China has moved from satellite to land lines in this period. Japan has very good voice quality, its MOS is constantly more than 4.Korea has improved its voice quality with the passage of time. In 2003 its MOS was below 3 but after that the MOS increased to 4. Indonesia is in the middle of the graph, its voice quality is not very good and lies in the region of 3 and 3.5. Malaysia has very strange behavior, its average RTT increased in 2003 and 2006.Due to this Malaysia suffer terrible voice quality in this time period. Singapore has improved its MOS after 2003.Currently it is lying in the region of 4.in 2003 Singapore faced very high jitter which caused it dreadful voice quality.